Improved railway-car spring



' P. G. GARDINER.

Car Spring. No. 94,101. v Patented Aug. 24,1869.

` N. PETERS. Phnm-umagnpher, wuhingmn. D C.

PERRY c. GARDINER,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF NEWT-YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVED RAILWAY-CAR SPRING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 94,10l, dated August24, [$69.

sections, and Figs. III and IV side view and plan, of my improvedspring.

The nature of my invention consists in the combination of a cylinder ofcork and a spiral metallic spring -in such a manner that the me- Jfallicspring shall surround and conine the cork and produce together apowerful, soft, and very cheap spring.

I am aware that cork has been used before, so as to act as a spring, anddo therefore not lay any claim to cork alone, nor to the use of a spiralmetal spring when separated, but only to the arrangement and combinationof the two with each other. When cork is used as a'spring by itself,unsupported by a metal spring, the same will bear a certain pressure orload in proportion to its diameter and length, but will break or burstafter being in use onlyr a short time, similar to solid indiarubbercylinders, which were in use about twelve or fteen years ago; but when acork cylinder is surrounded, and consequently confined, by a metalspring, its strength will not only be greatly increased, but all dangerof its breaking or bursting will be obviated.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents a cork cylinder, made of anydesired length and diameter, which is surrounded and confined by ametallic spiral spring, B. Y'Ihe cork is forced into the spiral springunder a pressure varying according to circumstances and to the nature ofthe spring required, but seldom under a pressure less than one thousand(1,000) pounds, whereby the strength of the whole combination isincreased. The load is applied on the spring-both upon the' spiralspring B and upon the cork spring A-at the same time. These springs maybe placed in a suitable casing, or two or more may be arranged in thesame casing. Vhen the load is applied upon the spring, as aboveconstructed, the cork will partly expand between the coils of the spiralspring, so as to support the same and prevent any injury to the metallicspring by any undue jar, while, on the other hand, the cork, beingsurrounded and confined by said spring, will be prevented from breakingor bursting. This combination produces, in comparison with its weightand expense, a spring stronger and superior almost to any other springat present manufactured.

What I claim as my invention, an d desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The arrangement of a cork cylinder surrounded by a spiral metallicspring. constructed and combined substantially in the manner and forthepurpose described.

P. G. G A RDINER.

Vitnesses:

HENRY E. ROEDER, C. PH. WAGNER.

